I have used it as little as 2 minutes multiple times, just the glue, just the primer, and also just primer and glue and never once had a problem. I have on a couple occasions got the fumes in my lungs.
I think pvc glue/prime is a joke for aqarium use, I have used prime then glue like your supposed to, just prime, and few times just glue; I ran out of one or the other. A all of them are still bonded to this day. So now I only buy the glue, I was only buying primer since it was cheaper, but I don't like the purple stains.