No they don't grow large in Captivity becuase I am not talking about aquaria like the facilities you house your fish in. Captivity is a zoo like your fqcilities where fish are feed not like in large ponds and reserves where they find there own food.
I am talking about systems like large oxbows, pond, dams and reserves that hold large amounts of water. There species like Arapaima, Trout, Bass, Barrimundi, various catfishes, Cichlid and Carp and other species prized for food or sport are stocked becuase they do exceptionally well under such conditions.
They are all prime examples of this larger size abundence e.g Bungsamlan Lake in Thailand.
All fresh water fish largely come from streams or rivers so why would you expect them not to do well?
In closed systems all over the world they thrive and because of this fact and they are introduced and stocked because they can grow fast and large under such conditions.
Closed systems like your aquaria are poor simulations of natural conditions under which fish can become trapped becuase it is you who feed them and make the fish fat.
It more natural large closed systems where predators are free to roam and hunt as they naturally would do they grow lager and faster than their relatives that live in streams and rivers. This is what the literature I am talking about supports time and again.
Otherwise why stock lakes and reserves with fish for food and sport if the river fish would not do well there??
If it didn't work and produce large, healthy fish why do they stock lakes and reserves all over the world with various river and stream species??
I agree feeding fish doesn't simulate nature but thats not how you get big, health fish.