I've attached a list of the Romeo and Juliet laws, aka, Gap Provision laws.
It would difficult to conclude from reviewing this list that there are effectively no laws protecting 12-13 year olds from 16-17 year olds, when the listed state laws explicitly categorize activity as Class A, B or C felonies if it involves 12-13 year olds (and in many states even involving 14-15 year olds), having sexual relations with people 2-3 years older, much less 4-5 years older.
https://definitions.uslegal.com/r/romeo-and-juliet-law/
https://legaldictionary.net/romeo-and-juliet-laws/
And even if, due to these provisions (in some cases), a person isn't charged with rape (or statutory rape), it doesn't mean that person can't be charged with felony sexual assault or child molestation.